Terpene Hydrocarbons

Terpene Hydrocarbons

Rule A-71. Acyclic Terpenes 

71.1 - The acyclic terpene hydrocarbons are named in a manner similar to that used for other unsaturated acyclic hydrocarbons when compounds with known structures are involved.

Examples to Rule A-71.1

Rule A-72. Cyclic Terpenes 

72.1 - The following structural types with their special names and special systems of numbering are used as the basic for the specialized nomenclature of monocyclic and bicyclic terpene hydrocarbons. The name "bornane" replaces camphane and bornylane; "norbornane" replaces norcamphane and norbornylane. 

Examples to Rule A-72.1

  

Nor-structures:
 

Rule A-73. Monocyclic Terpenes 

73.1 - Methane Type: Monocyclic terpene hydrocarbons of this type (ortho-, metha-, and para-isomers) are named menthane, menthene, menthadiene, etc., and are given the fixed numbering of menthane (Formula I). Such compounds substituted by additional alkyl groups are named in accordance with Rules A-11 and A-61.

Examples to Rule A-73.1

 

73.2 - Tetramethylcyclohexane Type: Monocyclic terpene hydrocarbons of this type are named systematically as derivatives of cyclohexane, cyclohexene, and cyclohexadiene (see Rule A-11)

Examples to Rule A-73.2

 

Rule A-74. Bicyclic Terpenes 

74.1 - Bicyclic terpene hydrocarbons having the skeleton of Formula II or this skeleton and additional side chains except methyl or isopropyl (or methylene if one methylene group is already present) are named as thujane, thujene, thujadiene, etc., and are given the fixed numbering shown for thujane (Formula II). Other hydrocarbons containing the thujane ring-skeleton are named from bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane and are given systematic bicyclo numbering (cf. Rule A-31).

Examples to Rule A-74.1

 

74.2 - Bicyclic terpene hydrocarbons having the skeleton of Formula III, IV, or V and additional side chains except methyl (or methylene if one methylene group is already present) are named, respectively, as carane, carene, caradiene, etc.; pinane, pinene, pinadiene, etc.; bornane, bornene, bornadiene, etc. They are given, respectively, the fixed numbering shown for carane (Formula III), pinane (Formula IV), and bornane (Formula V). Other hydrocarbons containing the ring-skeleton of carane, pinane, or bornane are named, respectively, from norcarane (Formula VI), norpinane (Formula VII), or norbornane (Formula VIII). These names are preferred to those from bicyclo[4.1.0.]heptane, bicyclo[3.1.1]heptane, or bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane. The nor-names are given systematic bicyclo numbering (cf. Rule A-31).

Examples to Rule A-74.2

  
 
 

74.3 - The name "camphene" is retained for the unsubstituted compound 2,2-dimethyl-3-methylenenorbornane.

Examples to Rule A-74.3

Rule A-75. Terpene Radicals 

75.1 - Simple acyclic hydrocarbon terpene radicals are named and numbered according to Rule A-3.5. The trivial names geranyl, neryl, linalyl and phytyl [for (E)-(7R, 11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecenyl] are retained for the unsubstituted radicals.75.2 - Radicals derived from menthane, pinane, thujane, carane, bornane, norcarane, norpinane, and norbornane are named in accordance with the principles set forth in Rules A-1.2 and A-11.4 except that the saturated radicals of pinane are named pinanyl, pinanylene, and pinanylidene. The numbering of the hydrocarbon is retained and the point or points of attachment, whether in the ring or side chain, are given numbers as low as is consistent with the fixed numbering of the hydrocarbon.

Examples to Rule A-75.2

  

75.3 - Radicals not named in Rules A-75.1 and A-75.2 are named as described in Rules A-11 and A-31.4.